Gerund and infinitive phrases university of texas at dallas. The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. A verbal is a word formed from a verb but functioning as a different part of speech, usually a noun. Gerund and infinitive worksheets are in pdf format and consist of a worksheet and answer sheet to check your results. A gerund phrase will begin with gerund, and will include other modifiers andor objects. Gerund, definition, examples of gerund, gerund exercise or worksheet, for students, for class 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, uses, rules, pdf definition. Check your answers by flipping to page 5 of this handout. When you are finished, click the check my work button at the bottom. The function of gerund phrases like all nouns, a gerund phrase can function as a subject, an object, or a complement within a sentence. Gerund and infinitive phrases gerunds and infinitives are both verbals. My job is making reservations for overnight guests at the hotel. A gerund is a verbal that always ends in ing and is used as a noun. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund an ing form of a verb, its modifiers, and its complements. Read them, think about what theyre saying, and decide whether the present participle is a gerund or not.
Page 1 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles gerunds. Begin and start can be followed by gerund or infinitive structures usually with no real difference of meaning. It can take on the role of a subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition. Gerund, definition, examples, uses, rules, exercise or. In other words, it can be followed by all the grammatical pieces that can follow an ordinary bonafide verb.
Verbals gerunds, participles, infinitives gerunds a gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and functions as a noun. It can take on the role of a subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of. Could the following sentences from the reading be rewritten using the. To learn more about how gerund phrases are used in a sentence, try studying the examples below. A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers and or objects. Define grammatical terms such as gerund, verbal, verb, noun and subject identify gerunds in a given sentence understand how gerund phrases are used with a modifier andor objects. We are also going to have sheets for both recognizing the verbal by itself and then as a verbal phrase. Is the gerund in the following sentencesquestions used as a subject, object or as a complement. Page 2 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun phrases do cloze exercise. Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be. Page 3 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles exercise on gerunds. Words that are formed from verbs but dont act as verbs are called verbals.
When a gerund is followed by these pieces, it becomes a gerund phrase. The gerund always has the same function as a noun although it looks like a verb. To determine whether a word in a sentence is a gerund, look at the words ending in ing in the sentence. Below are a few example sentences that each contain a present participle. Following each of the sentences, choose how the gerund is used in the previous sentence. Words that are formed from verbs but dont act as verbs are. Verbs and phrases followed by a gerund he apologized for being late. Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be subjects, subject complements, or objects in the sent. Underline the gerunds or gerund phrases in each sentence. Like a gerund, a gerund phrase functions as a noun. First, a gerund phrase begins with a gerundof course.
Grammar lesson, learn how to use gerunds and gerund. Camping at coleto creek was the smith familys annual summer vacation. Then on the line before each sentence, identify how the gerund or gerund phrase is used by writing s for subject, p. Because the gerund is a verb form, it can take a direct object, a prepositional phrase, an adverb or an adverbial phrase. The gerund phrase recognize a gerund phrase when you see one. A verbal is a verb form used as another part of speech. Choose from 500 different sets of gerunds list phrases flashcards on quizlet. The gerund can be a subject, a direct object, a predicate nominative, an appositive, an indirect object, or an object of a preposition. Adjective and adverbs downloadable pdf worksheets for english language learners intermediate level b1 home b1 grammar gerund and infinitive gerund and infintive b1. Gerunds common verbs followed by gerunds a gerund is a noun formed by taking a verb and adding the suffix ing. The gerund phrase is the object of the preposition after. The other words in a gerund phrase may be modifiers, such as prepositional phrases, objects, etc.
Underline the gerund phrases in the sentences below. Gerund is defined as a verbal form that functions as a verbal noun. If this word can be replaced by the pronoun it, then the word is a gerund. She considered applying for a post at that company. Verbal gerund phrases display a mix of nominal and verbal properties.
His greatest asset, typing two hundred words per minute, has earned him a better position at the company. For example, climbing is a gerund while climbing a tree is a gerund phrase. Joseph hoped to obtain a job by learning the welding trade. Pdf a constructional approach to english verbal gerunds. Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb. In other languages, specifically dutch, italian, or russian, it is a verbal form that is similar to a present participle, but it functions as an adverb to form adverbial phrases or continuous tenses.
In latin and english grammar, the gerund is a nonfinite verb form that can function as a noun. Gerunds are formed when an ing ending is added to a verb, and every infinitive is composed of to plus a verb. In the first example, writing is a gerund used as the subject of the sentence. A gerund phrase is a phrase consisting of a gerund and any modifiers or objects associated with it. Jan 19, 2017 a gerund phrase will begin with gerund, and will include other modifiers andor objects. Using verb forms as subjects when functioning as the subject of a sentence, gerunds and infinitives always use a. In this video were going to see the examples of gerund and gerund phrases as the subject of the sentence. Page 1 of 3 gerunds and infinitives doing what noun. A gerund is a noun made from a verb root plus ing a present participle.
Gerunds a gerund is a verb form verbal always ending in ing that acts as a noun. The gerund phrase is the direct object of finished. However, it is more common to use the gerund if we are talking about the beginning of a long or habitual activity, but this form is not used after a progressive form of begin or start. A gerund phrase is a phrase that begins with a gerund the ing form of a verb and includes objects or modifiers. These phrases are an excellent way to add detail to your writing to create a more vivid image. Find and underline the thirtyfive gerunds or gerund phrases. Underline the gerunds or gerund phrases in the following sentences and label how they function in the sentence subject, direct object, subject complement, object of preposition.
Gerunds can have with them direct objects, predicate nominatives, predicate adjectives or modifiers to form what is called a gerund phrase. Copy and paste the gerund or gerund phrase for each sentence. Loafing at the local drugstore sometimes seems a waste of. Gerund and infinitive phrases the university of texas at dallas. George and martha now regret renting that vacation cabin in maine.
Pdf english verbal gerunds have long been of interest to syntacticians. Gerunds and infinitives yuri was in his first year at university, studying history. Subject the athletes enjoy exercising direct object they maintain endurance by running object of a preposition gerund phrases a gerund phrase is a group of words that includes a gerund and other words that complete its meaning. The gerund phrase is the subject of the verb takes. More specifically, a gerund is an action word verb that is acting as a noun. A gerund phrase is a phrase that begins with a gerund and includes objects or modifiers. Here, the gerund phrase is the subject of the verb is. Underline the gerund or gerund phrases in the sentences below. Learn gerunds list phrases with free interactive flashcards. Unlike a normal noun, a gerund maintains some verblike properties for example, a gerund can take a direct object and be modified with an adverb. Page 1 of 15 verbals gerunds and participles gerunds a gerund is a verbal that ends in ing and functions as a noun. The english gerund ends in ing as in i enjoy playing basketball. Gerund, definition, examples, uses, rules, exercise or worksheet. Words derived from verbs are known as verbals and may take modifiers, objects, and complements to form verbal phrases a gerund phrase uses the ing form of the verb to function as a noun.
What meaning does the toverb structure have in sentences 15 and 20. Apr 06, 2020 in the study of english grammar, the terms gerund and gerund phrase are some things youll need to know about if you want to master the language. A gerund is a verbal, which is a nonverb created from a verb. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus its modifiers. Giving the baby so much candy was our first big mistake. The gerund as the complement of the verb to be one of his duties is attending meetings.
Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Writing compositions proved highly beneficial to the students. The gerund phrase the gerund phrase consists of the gerund, which always ends in ing, and its modifiers and complements. Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be subjects, subject complements, or objects in the sentence. The most disastrous activity for women with long, curly hair is blowing huge bubble gum bubble with the car windows down piling a dozen heavy boxes on a wooden table is a disaster waiting to happen eating a glass of ice cubes on a summer day can be a great way to cool.
Using verb forms as subjects when functioning as the subject of a sentence, gerunds and infinitives always use a singular verb. We are going to take each of these separately in these worksheets. Like a regular gerund, a gerund phrase always functions as a noun, and can act as a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition, or predicate nominative in a sentence. Miriams main leisure activity, exercising, keeps her fit and trim. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund and another word or other words. Then identify the gerunds function in the sentence as subject, direct object, subjective complement,object of preposition, or appositive. Gerundive phrase serving as the grammatical subject. Laughing is a verb with an ing ending acting as a noun. In the middle of the semester, his history professor gave out an assignment, due in two weeks.
The gerund must be used when a verb comes after a preposition. A whole gerund phrase functions in a sentence just like a noun, and can act as a subject, an object, or a predicate nominative. He was rather a lazy student, and he tended to avoid work whenever he could. In this video were going to see the examples of gerund and gerund phrases as.
A gerund is a verb that ends in ing, whereas a gerund phrase is the same thing but with modifiers or complements added in. A gerund is a verb in its ing present participle form that functions as a noun that names an activity rather than a person or thing. The gerund phrase is the direct object of the verb hates. That means that they can be subjects, direct objects, objects of prepositions, predicate.
Learn what gerund phrases are and how they function in a sentence through these everyday speech examples. Dec 03, 20 the english gerund ends in ing as in i enjoy playing basket in latin and english grammar, the gerund is a nonfinite verb form that can function as a noun. Gerund and infinitive pdf worksheets english vocabulary. Define grammatical terms such as gerund, verbal, verb, noun and subject identify gerunds in a given sentence understand how gerund phrases are used with a modifier and or objects. Gerund serving as the direct object of the verb like.
Gerund phrases a gerund phrase consists of a gerund an ing form of a verb, its modifiers, and its complements. Most gerund phrases also include prepositions about, at, but, by, for, from, in, into, of, on, onto, since, to, until, upon, with, making it easier for. In the study of english grammar, the terms gerund and gerund phrase are some things youll need to know about if you want to master the language. A gerund phrase will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers andor objects. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the difference between the two. Gerund phrases when gerunds combine with other words to form phrases, we have the gerund phrase. Jogging for thirty minutes every day helps you lose weight. Gerunds can work alone, or they can be banded together with other words to formulate a gerund phrase. Gi003 gerund or infinitive fill in the correct form intermediate. For example, it can act as the subject of a sentence, as a direct object, or as the object of a preposition. Gerunds are words that are formed from verbs but act as nouns. If the word it replaces other words in addition to the gerund, then these make up the gerund phrase lester 177. In the second sentence, writing begins a gerund phrase that is the subject of the sentence.
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